Article Today, New York:
The American Heart Association (AHA) and the American College of Cardiology (ACC) have released new BP guidelines for controlling high blood pressure. These are the first updates since 2017. Experts say better blood pressure control can help prevent heart disease, kidney problems, diabetes and memory-related disorders. The new rules are tougher and clearly advise giving up alcohol entirely.
Stricter Norms for Measurement…
According to the new guidelines, normal blood pressure should be below 120/80 mm Hg. Readings of 120-129/80 mm Hg will now be considered “elevated.” If the reading is 130/80 mm Hg or higher, treatment should begin immediately. Blood pressure is measured using two numbers—systolic, the upper value when the heart pumps, and diastolic, the lower value when the heart rests.
Complete Alcohol Ban…
Earlier recommendations allowed women to consume one drink and men up to two drinks per day. Now, the advice is to avoid alcohol completely. Research shows alcohol has a harmful effect on blood pressure and makes control harder. Dr. Daniel Jones, chair of the AHA committee, said the safest choice for healthy blood pressure is to drink as little as possible, preferably none at all.
Lifestyle Changes as First Step…
For those with systolic pressure between 130 and 139 mm Hg, doctors should first recommend lifestyle changes. These include maintaining a healthy weight, eating a heart-friendly diet, reducing salt intake, managing stress, and exercising for at least 150 minutes a week. If blood pressure does not improve within three to six months, medicines should be considered. Earlier, medicines were advised only for readings above 140.
Reduce Salt Intake Significantly…
Experts recommend limiting salt to less than 2,300 mg a day, with an ideal goal of 1,500 mg. Foods rich in potassium can help control blood pressure. The DASH diet—rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, fish, poultry, nuts, and vegetable oils—is strongly advised. Fat, sugar, coconut oil, and palm oil should be reduced. At home, potassium-rich salt substitutes can be used while cooking.
Weight Loss is Key…
Those who are overweight should aim to lose at least 5% of body weight. For severe obesity, doctors may recommend weight-loss medicines alongside diet and exercise. In some cases, surgery can be an option. Losing weight not only controls blood pressure but also reduces the risk of heart attack and stroke.
Special Focus on Pregnant Women…
Experts warn that high blood pressure is rising among pregnant women. Women planning to conceive and those who are pregnant should check their blood pressure regularly. High BP can endanger pregnancy and continue to cause problems even after delivery. Timely medical care is essential for protection.
Protecting Brain Health…
The new guidelines highlight the link between blood pressure and brain health. Research shows that controlling BP reduces the risk of dementia. High blood pressure damages blood vessels, which can lead to heart failure, stroke, and reduced brain function. Lowering BP can help preserve memory and mental abilities.
